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1.
Nutr. hosp ; 31(4): 1787-1794, abr. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-135088

RESUMO

Introducción: El agua de consumo humano es la principal fuente de exposición al fluoruro para la población. De acuerdo con el Real Decreto 140/2003, el contenido en fluoruro en el agua de consumo humano no debe superar el valor paramétrico de 1,5 mg/L. Históricamente, ciertas aguas de consumo en Tenerife han superado este valor debido a sus características geológicas/volcánicas. El flúor juega un papel importante en la prevención de la caries dental. Sin embargo, la exposición crónica a concentraciones superiores a 1,5 mg/L en el agua de bebida puede provocar trastornos como la fluorosis dental. Objetivos: Determinar la cantidad de fluoruro en el agua de consumo humano de 11 municipios del norte de la isla de Tenerife que en el momento del estudio superaba el valor paramétrico de fluoruro y estimar y evaluar toxicológicamente las ingestas diarias a partir del consumo de agua considerando las IDR (Ingestas Diarias Recomendadas) establecidas en España para distintos grupos poblacionales. Método: 44 muestras de aguas de abastecimiento público recogidas en los 11 municipios objeto del estudio fueron analizadas usando la determinación potenciométrica de fluoruro mediante el uso de un electrodo de ión selectivo. Resultados: 9 de los 11 municipios las aguas de abasto presentaron concentraciones de fluoruro medias que superaron el valor paramétrico fijado por la legislación española. Considerando un consumo medio diario de agua de 2 L, la ingesta diaria recomendada (IDR) para mujeres (3 mg/día) es superada en 9 de los 11 municipios y la IDR para hombres (4 mg/día) es superada en 5 de los 11 municipios. Considerando un consumo medio diario de agua de 1,5 L, la IDR establecida para los niños de 2 a 3 años (0,7 mg/día) es superada ampliamente en todos los municipios. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos evidencian el problema de salud pública existente en la isla de Tenerife y justifican las restricciones de consumo establecidas por la Dirección General de Salud Pública del Servicio Canario de Salud, vigentes en el momento del estudio. Los niños son el grupo poblacional más expuesto a los riesgos del fluoruro debido a que su IDR es menor (AU)


Introduction: Drinking water is the main source of fluoride exposure for the population. According to the Spanish Law RD 140/2003, the fluoride content in drinking water should not exceed the parametric value of 1.5 mg/L. Historically, certain drinking waters in the island of Tenerife have exceeded this value due to the geological/volcanic characteristics of the Canary Islands. Fluoride (F) plays an important role in the prevention of dental caries (tooth decay). However, long exposure to concentrations above 1.5 mg/L in drinking water can cause disorders such as dental fluorosis. Objectives: To determine the amount of fluoride in the tap waters of the 11 municipalities in the north of the island of Tenerife that, at the time of the study, exceeded the parametric value for fluoride set by the Spanish legislation and to toxicologically estimate and evaluate the fluoride daily intakes from water considering the RDI (Recommended Daily Intake) established in Spain for different population groups. Method: 44 samples of tap water collected in the 11 municipalities in the study were analyzed using the fluoride potentiometric determination with an ion selective electrode. Results: 9 of the 11 municipalities presented mean fluoride concentrations in their tap water that exceeded the parametric value set by the Spanish legislation (1.5 mg/L). Considering an average daily water consumption of 2 L, the recommended daily intake (RDI) for women (3mg F/day) is exceeded in 9 of the 11 municipalities and the RDI for men (4 mg F/day) is exceeded in 5 of the 11 municipalities. Considering a daily water consumption of 1.5 L, the RDI for children of 2-3 years (0.7 mg/day) is clearly exceeded in all municipalities. Conclusions: The results show the existing public health problem on the island of Tenerife and justify the tap water consumption restrictions put in force by the Public Health Authorities of the Canary Islands at the time of the study. Children are the most exposed population group to the risks of fluoride because its RDI is lower (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Água Potável/análise , Fluoretação/efeitos adversos , Flúor/normas , Fluorose Dentária/epidemiologia , 24961 , Controle da Qualidade da Água , Ingestão de Líquidos , Fatores de Risco
2.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 62: 856-8, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24416776

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to analyze barium, bismuth, chromium, lithium, and strontium contents in food and beverages consumed by the population of the Canary Islands (Spain) as well as determine dietary intake of these metals in the archipelago as a whole and in its individual islands. To this end, 440 samples were analyzed by ICP-OES and GFAAS. Barium concentrations ranged from 5.210 ± 2.117 mg/kg in nuts to 0.035 ± 0.043 mg/L in water. Viscera exhibited the highest levels of bismuth (38.07 ± 36.80 mg/kg). The cold meat and sausages group stood out for its high chromium concentrations (0.494 ± 0.257 mg/kg). The highest concentration of lithium and strontium came out in nuts (8.761 ± 5.368 mg/kg and 9.759 ± 5.181 mg/kg, respectively). The total intakes of barium, bismuth, chromium, lithium, and strontium were 0.685, 1.274, 0.087, 3.674, and 1.923 mg/day, respectively. Cereals turned out to contribute most to the dietary intake of barium, bismuth, chromium, and lithium in the Canary Islands, while fruit contributes most to the strontium intake. We also performed a metal intake study by age and sex of the population and compared the outcome with data from other regions, both national and international.


Assuntos
Bário/análise , Bismuto/análise , Cromo/análise , Análise de Alimentos , Lítio/análise , Estrôncio/análise , Bário/administração & dosagem , Bismuto/administração & dosagem , Cromo/administração & dosagem , Contaminação de Alimentos , Humanos , Lítio/administração & dosagem , Espanha , Estrôncio/administração & dosagem
3.
Rev. esp. nutr. comunitaria ; 18(2): 77-83, abr.-jun. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129108

RESUMO

Fundamento: Determinación de las concentraciones de Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu y Zn en el menú de una guardería pública de Tenerife. Estimación y evaluación de las ingestas metálicas. Métodos: 47 muestras del menú mensual de una guardería pública fueron analizadas. Los metales fueron determinados mediante Espectroscopia de Absorción Atómica con Llama. Para la estimación de las ingestas se usó el peso de las raciones servidas. La evaluación de las ingestas se hizo por comparación con las Ingestas Dietéticas de Referencia (IDRs) establecidas para la población infantil española. Resultados: El contenido medio de Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu y Zn en el menú fue de 1882,14; 1690,94; 192,61; 193,15; 2,35; 0,37; 0,49 y 4,76 mg/kg, respectivamente. Las ingestas diarias estimadas de Na obtenidas de este almuerzo (1047,18 mg para niños de 0-1 año y 1038,2 mg Na para niños de 1-3 años) son superiores a las IDRs. Asimismo, el menú servido no cubre los valores de ingestas de Fe, Mn y Ca recomendados para el almuerzo (35% de las recomendaciones diarias). Conclusiones: Se recomienda un rediseño del menú servido en este centro escolar (AU)


Background: To determine the Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations in a public preschool's menu from Tenerife . Assessment and evaluation of the metals estimated daily intakes. Methods: 47 samples corresponding to the monthly menu of the public preschool were analyzed. Metals were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Metal daily intakes were estimated using the portions? weight. The estimated intakes were compared with Dietary Reference Intakes (RDIs) set for the Spanish infant population. Results: The average contents of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in the menu were 1882,14; 1690,94; 192,61; 193,15; 2,35; 0,37; 0,49 and 4,76 mg/kg, respectively. The estimated Na intakes obtained from this lunch (1047,18 mg for children aged 0-1 years and 1038,2 mg Na for children aged 1-3 years) are higher than the recommended IDRs. Furthermore, the served menu does not cover the Fe, Mn and Ca intakes that are recommended for a lunch (35% of the total daily recommendation). Conclusions: A redesign of the menu served in this school has been recommended (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Escolas Maternais/organização & administração , Escolas Maternais/normas , Escolas Maternais/tendências , Metais/administração & dosagem , Metais/uso terapêutico , Análise Espectral , Planejamento de Cardápio/métodos , Planejamento de Cardápio/normas , Compostos Organometálicos/uso terapêutico , Dieta/normas , Dieta , Nutrição do Lactente/economia , Nutrição do Lactente/normas
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